Modularization Techniques

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Modularization Techniques

The concept of modularization is dividing the main program into sub-programs for better readability and re-usability. Modularization can be implemented in the following ways.

Include Programs.
Function Modules.
Sub-routines.
Classes.
MACRO`s ( Use in HR ABAP only ).

Include Programs :

These are sub-programs which contains a set of re-usable statements .
These programs can not be executed directly.
These include programs must be embedded inside a main program for execution.
These programs dosen`t contain parameter interface, that is no importing and exporting parameters.

Syntax : INCLUDE < include name>.

Example of using include programs :

TYPES : BEGIN OF TY_MARA,
        MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR,
        MTART TYPE MARA-MTART,
        MEINS TYPE MARA-MEINS,
        MBRSH TYPE MARA-MBRSH,
        END OF TY_MARA.< br>DATA : IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF TY_MARA.
DATA : WA_MARA TYPE TY_MARA.
SELECT MATNR, MTART, MEINS, MBRSH FROM MARA INTO TABLE IT_MATA. 
LOOP AT IT_MARA INTO WA_MARA .

WRITE :/ WA_MARA-MATNR, WA_MARA-MTART, WA_MARA-MEINS, WA_MARA-MTART.
ENDLOOP.

To make the above program with includes, follow below steps.

INCLUDE ZDATA_DECLERATIONS .  "DOUBLE CLICK ON ZDATA_DECLERATIONS AND CREATE A INCLUDE AND ADD DATA DECLERATIONS AND ACTIVATE
INCLUDE ZMAIN_LOGIC. " DOUBLE CLICK ON ZMAIN_LOGIC , CREATE A INCLUDE AND ADD THE REMAINING LOGIC (FROM SELECT....TO ....ENDLOOP).

Function Modules

These are also sub-programs which contains set of reusable statements for better readability and re-usability .
Function modules contains parameter interface, that is importing and exporting parameters.
These Function Modules can be executed independently .
Function modules contains exceptions to catch certain type of errors.

Examples for Function Modules are : GUI_DOWNLOAD, GUI_UPLOAD.

T-code for Function Module explorer is SE37.

In our next chapters we will learn how to create and use a function module Creating Function Modules in SAP ABAP

Sub-routines in SAP ABAP.

Sub-routines are also sub-programs in SAP ABAP which contains certain re-usable statements.
Most of the times we use sub-routines for re-usability inside the program.
We may use sub-routines for external re-usability.
These sub-routines contains importing and exporting parameters.

Syntax :

**DEFINING SUBROUTINE
PERFORM < SUBROUTINE NAME> USING < AV1>< AV2>
        CHANGING < CHANGING1>< CHANGING2>
        TABLES < TABLE1>< TABLE2>.
**IMPLEMENTING SUBROUTINE
FORM < SUBROUTINE NAME> USING < FV1>< FV2>
        CHANGING < CHANGING1>< CHANGING2>
        TABLES < TABLE1>< TABLE2>.

ENDFORM.


**IN THE ABOVE SYNTAX < AV1> AND < AV2> ARE ACTUAL PARAMETERS AND < FV1>< FV2> ARE FORMAL PARAMETERS

We will learn creating and using sub-routines in next chapters Using subroutines in SAP ABAP

Using Classes in SAP ABAP

Classes are Object Oriented implementations of SAP ABAP.
Classes are used for better re-usability.

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