Java: Java Tutorial

What is Java

Java is a programming language. It is a platform. Java is a high level, robust, object-oriented and secure programming language.

Java was created by Sun Microsystems (which is presently the auxiliary of Oracle) in the year 1995. James Gosling is known as the father of Java. Before Java, its name was Oak. Since Oak was at that point an enrolled organization, so James Gosling and his group changed the Oak name to Java.

When we talk about platform, then it is a hardware or software environment where the program runs. Java has JRE (Java Runtime environment) and API; it is called platform.

Java Example

Java programming example.

Compile by:

javac Hello.java

Run by:

java Hello

Applications

There are 3 billion devices run Java according to Sun Microsystem. Many tools currently where Java is used. Some of them are as per the following:

• Desktop Applications, for example, acrobat reader, media player, antivirus, etc.
• Web Applications, for example, irctc.co.in, ducatindia.com, etc.
• Enterprise Applications, for example, banking applications.
• Mobile
• Installed System
• Smart Card

Robotics

Games, and so on.

Types of Java Applications

There are mainly four types of Applications that can be created using Java programming:

1. Standalone Application
2. Web Application
3. Enterprise Application
4. Mobile Application

Standalone Application

In standalone applications is the traditional software which we need to install on every machine. A standalone application example is Media player, antivirus, etc. For creating standalone applications, we use AWT and Swing. Standalone applications are also known as a window-based application or desktop applications.

Web Application

Those applications which run on the server-side and create a dynamic page is called web applications. For creating a web application in Java currently, technologies are Servlet, JSP, Struts, Spring, Hibernate, JSF, and many more.

Enterprise Application

An application that is shared in nature, for example, banking applications is called enterprise application. It has advantages of high-level security, load adjusting and clustering. For creating enterprise applications, we use EJB.

Mobile Application

Those applications which are created for mobile devices is called mobile application. For developing mobile applications currently, we use Android and Java ME.

Java Platforms / Java Editions

There are four platform or editions of Java:

1. Java SE (Java Standard Edition)
2. Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)
3. Java ME (Java Micro Edition)
4. Java FX

Java SE (Java Standard Edition)

Java SE is a programming platform. It introduces Java programming APIs such as Java. lang, java.io, java.net, java.util, java.sql, java.math, etc. It introduces core topics like OOPs, String, Regex, Exception, Inner classes, Multithreading, I/O Stream, Networking, AWT, Swing, Reflection, Collection, etc.

Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)

Java EE is an enterprise platform; it is used to develop web and enterprise applications. It is based on the highest point of the Java SE platform. It introduces topics like Servlet, JSP, Web Services, EJB, JPA, etc.

Java ME (Java Micro Edition)

Java ME is a micro platform. It is used to develop a mobile application.

Java FX

Java FX uses a light-weight user interface API. It is used to develop rich internet applications.